The article presents research materials on testing the hypothesis of the priority of a risk-based approach in the formation of a system of indicators characterizing the economic security of sustainable development of an economic entity. To test the hypothesis, general scientific methods of semantic, content and logical analysis and synthesis, secondary analysis of research results published by Russian scientists on assessing the level of sustainability of enterprise development, as well as the method of decomposition and structuring the goals of socio-economic systems at different levels were used. The lack of proposals from specialists and scientists to assess the economic security of sustainable development of an economic entity has predetermined the need for research on this topic. The authors systematized a list of indicators of the level of sustainable development of an economic entity, which made it possible to analyze their comparability. The results of the analysis made it possible to determine both the priority principles for the formation of an information base for assessing the security of sustainable development of an economic entity, and proposals for its formation. The implementation of the proposals will contribute to the creation of a more informative and coordinated information system on the level of economic security of sustainable economic development, which is of practical importance in the organization of economic security in companies.

The sector of precious metals and precious stones, according to the estimates of regulatory authorities, is associated with an increased risk of involvement in money laundering. In many money laundering schemes, criminal proceeds are integrated into jewelry, which is a highly liquid investment with guaranteed rising value and low risk of loss. The growing scale of jewelry turnover, the availability of metals to private investors in the form of bullion, and the release of digital assets related to precious metals are increasing interest in the sector from both law-abiding investors and criminals. The purpose of the study is to identify vulnerabilities in countering money laundering through the purchase of precious metals, stones and products made from them. The study was conducted on the basis of a sectoral and national assessment of the risks of laundering proceeds from crime, as well as the open information base of Rosfinmonitoring, the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Assay Chamber of the Russian Federation. General scientific research methods and methods of economic and statistical analysis were used. The analysis of the number and structure of sector participants supervised by the Federal Assay Chamber of the Russian Federation as of 2023–2024 was carried out. Attention is paid to the requirements imposed on them within the framework of anti-laundering legislation. The key legislative initiatives concerning changes in the regulatory regulation of prospecting activities and the transition to voluntary branding of precious products when they are exported from the Russian Federation to foreign countries are considered. As a result of the study, four key vulnerabilities in countering money laundering in the precious metals and stones sector were identified, and measures to neutralize them were briefly outlined.

The article considers the problems and risks arising in the goal-setting processes during the state strategic planning of the tourism industry development in the Russian Federation. It has been established that the goals set in the Tourism Development Strategy until 2035 correspond to the tasks of the state in the field of health protection, ensuring the right to rest, freedom of movement and access to cultural values, and the requirements of a balance of supply and demand. At the same time, the imperfection of the strategic planning methodology can lead to a number of risks. The risk of not achieving individual goals is associated with the declarative nature of their formulations, the lack of supporting targets.

A broad statement of goals in the absence of their decomposition and an adequate set of targets carries risks of uncertainty, reducing the attention of strategic planning participants to the development of certain types of tourism, which differ in more social than economic effects. Due to the lack of a well-developed mechanism for government programs to perceive the goals set in the strategies, there are risks of ignoring individual strategic goals and changing priorities when developing program documents.

To solve the identified problems, a number of proposals have been made for the methodological modification of the main goal–setting processes - the formulation of goals and their translation into programming documents.

In ensuring the reliability of the process supply chain of natural gas with valuable components for gas processing and gas chemical complexes (hereinafter referred to as GP&GCC), the study of uncertainty in the production and preparation of gas for trunk transport is of great importance. Considering that the decrease in production capacity of the fields of the GP&GCC raw material base due to various reasons (uncertainty factors) can lead to inefficient operation of gas processing lines at the complex, possible production shutdown and large economic damage, studies of the reliability of gas supplies by quantitative methods, in particular using mathematical modeling, are relevant. The first part of the article provides a methodological approach and a dynamic model developed by the authors for predicting the shortfall in gas volumes from field areas. The methodological approach to quantifying potential undersupply of gas is based on the understanding that the realization of uncertainty factors associated with the production of required volumes of gas from different areas of the fields and the production of separation gas with the required content of a valuable component in the plants of integrated gas preparation for trunk transport are stochastic in nature.

New, innovative developments for nitrogen management in the era of Industry 4.0: progress, opportunities and challenges for agricultural farming, are based on the Industry 4.0 ideology and solving a number of pressing problems, including:
1. Nitrogen is an important but generally scarce nutrient for biological systems. However, the massive use of industrial nitrogen fertilizers has doubled N flows in its global biogeochemical cycle, transforming it into an agrogeochemical cycle, with many environmental consequences.
2. Reviews current advances and challenges related to nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in agriculture and identifying research opportunities in nitrogen agrogeochemistry, soil cycling, and agronomy to achieve sustainable N use in agriculture.
3. As an environmental indicator, NUE assessments can help farmers assess the risk of N losses on farms or fields. This may also be useful for regional or supply chain assessments. The technology of fractional fertilization can significantly reduce nitrogen losses.
4. It is necessary to assess the nitrogen-mineralizing capacity of the soil as a basic indicator to assess the nitrogen demand of crops during the growing season.
5. Next generation computing platforms can study complex N interactions in crop systems to inform management, identify research priorities, and improve understanding of complexities. These computational frameworks include statistical models, process-based mechanistic modeling models, and hybrids thereof.
6. Such decision support tools examine all aspects of N at the soil-crop interface: from gene expression, crop physiology and phenology to soil processes and behavior prediction. Precision agriculture based on the use of electronic counterparts of agronomic and agrochemical processes as Industry 4.0.

The article is devoted to the issues of improving the training of the population aimed at ensuring security in the conditions of modern risks and threats. Domestic and foreign experience is considered, on the basis of which proposals are formed for the introduction of modern forms and methods of training into practical activities.

The urgency of the problem under consideration lies in the increasing need for financing sources for developer companies. It has been established that the value of the estimated project risk affects the choice of the settlement scheme of project financing - with a full refund of credit funds, with a non-refund of credit funds by the developer company and with a limited refund of credit funds. It was determined that the change in the profit distribution structure of the development project, the inclusion of the bank as a participant who is responsible for the results of the development project, determines the cost of project financing. The fall in the profitability of the project with the same risks of its implementation limits the possibility of obtaining project financing from banks, development companies have marginal levels of credit debts due to the accumulation of debt throughout the project. The directions of development of the project financing mechanism were analyzed: increasing the availability of lending for housing developers by reducing lending rates, increasing lending terms, as well as reducing the requirements for collateral; amendments to the legislation on shared construction aimed at establishing the procedure for re-lending, refinancing within the framework of project financing; ability to assess and manage risks associated with the implementation of projects by developers; development of the project financing market, increase in the number of participants, investors and financing instruments; the key change from funding under the existing scheme is a reduction in the interest rate. A system of indicators for assessing the performance of development companies, predictive key risk indicators and their threshold values are proposed. As a result, measures are taken to influence the risk event or reduce the damage from its implementation, which has a positive effect on the effectiveness of the development company.