Head of school of sciences of IMASh RAS "Safety and security critically and strategically important infrastructure facilities" corresponding member of RAS.
The corresponding member of theRussianAcademyof Sciences Nikolay Andreevich MAKHUTOV was born on September 29,1937 inthevillageofBrasovoof Brasovsky district of theBryanskregion. In 1954 enteredMoscowStateAviationTechnologicalUniversityon aviamechanical faculty. In 1959 with honors graduated from MATI majoring in "Aviation engines", the same year went to work in Institute of engineering science ofAcademyofSciencesof theUSSRand in a postgraduate study of MATI with basic department "Resistance of Materials". In 1964 under the leadership of the academician of AN of USSR Serensena C. B. defended the master's thesis on the subject "Resistance to Repeated Plastic Deformations and Fragile Destruction of Case Steel". Since 1964 till present works at Institute of engineering science of Academy of Sciences of the USSR in positions of m of N of page, page of N of page, the head of the laboratory, head of department of durability, survivability and safety of cars and designs. In 1974 defended the doctoral dissertation on the subject "Deformation Criteria of Low-cyclic and Fragile Destruction". Since 1978 – professor in "Dynamics and durability of cars and designs".
In 1987 it is elected the corresponding member ofAcademyofSciencesof theUSSRin "Mechanical engineering" of Office "Mechanics, mechanical engineering and management processes". Consists in Office of power, mechanical engineering, mechanics and management processes; Deputy Academician-secretary of Office of power, mechanical engineering, mechanics and management processes.
Since 1992 – the vice-chairman, and since 2008 - the chairman of the Working group at the President of RAS on risk analysis and security concerns.
Results of basic scientific research of N.A. Makhutov and school belong to problems of constructional durability, technogenic safety, nonlinear mechanics of destruction, deformation criteria of destruction, low-cyclic and multi-cycle fatigue, reliability, a residual resource in the conditions of regular, emergency and catastrophic situations in complex technical systems.
These results found and find broad application at the solution of practical problems of durability and a resource, safety and security of a row unique critically and strategically important objects, including nuclear reactors of types from VVER-210 to VVER-1000, BN-600 and RBMK-1000 for the NPP in Russia (Leningrad, Kursk, New and Voronezh and others), in Ukraine (Chernobyl, Zaporizhia, Rivne), in Bulgaria (Козлодуй), in Finland (Loviiza), in Hungary (Paks), in the Czech Republic (Timelin), Iran (Bushehr), the 250-1200 MW steam turbines and also the thermonuclear T-14, T-15, ITER installations, the space-rocket systems "Energia-Buran", "Proton", "Union", "MAX.", aircraft of the Tu types, SU, MiG, main oil, gazo-, products pipelines, objects of defense industry, water-wheels (Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant), planes of the 5th generation, starting complexes of space-rocket systems.
Specialists of school of sciences and the corresponding member of RAS N.A. Makhutov as the member and the chairman of the State commissions and subcommittees took part in the analysis of destructions and accidents on the processing press equipment with limit efforts of 20 thousand tons, on autoclaves with a diameter up to2.5 mand16 mlong with bayonet locks, on the largest 1200 MW turbogenerator, on the 220 MW atomic turbine, on the main pipelines near Ufa and Arzamas, on mine fans of Bratsk Aluminum Plant, on a transport platform of the Volgograd hydroelectric power station, on a unique hemispherical dome with a diameter of240 mnear Moscow, on nuclear steam-generating facilities, on steam generators of VVER-1000 reactors, on the Chernobyl NPP, on engines of space-rocket systems, on hydrounits of Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant. By results of this analysis the relevant state and departmental decisions were made.
Works of N.A. Makhutov and specialists of his school of sciences are generalized in many monographs - the two-volume book "Constructional Durability, Resource and Technogenic Safety", "Deformation Criteria of Destruction and Calculation of Structural Elements on Durability", "Resistance of Structural Elements to Fragile Destruction", "Calculations of Details of Cars and Designs on Durability and Durability — the Reference Book", "Resource of Safe Operation of Vessels and Pipelines", a series from six books "Researches of Tension and Durability of Nuclear Reactors", a series from seven books "Durability at Low-cyclic Destruction", thirty four volumes of the multivolume edition "Bezopasnost Rossii", the four-volume encyclopedia and the encyclopedic dictionary "Civil Protection" (in total about 50 monographs and more than 1000 scientific works).
Under the scientific guide of N.A. Makhutov more than 60 candidates and doctors of science for the scientific organizations ofRussia,Belarus,Kazakhstan,Lithuania,Moldova,Ukraineare prepared.
The head of school corresponding member of RAS N.A. Makhutov is the Chairman of the Working group at the President of RAS on risk analysis and security concerns, the Chairman of Scientific council at Interstate council for emergency situations of the CIS countries, the head of a complex of drafts of the Federal target program "Risk Reduction and Mitigation of the Consequences of Emergency Situations of Natural and Technogenic Character in the Russian Federation", the deputy research supervisor of the special program of basic researches of Presidium of RAS "Cross-disciplinary basic, basic and applied researches of problems of the analysis and management of system safety with use of criteria of strategic risks". During the period from 1992 to 2001 it was the deputy research supervisor and the research supervisor of the State scientific and technical program "Safety of the Population and Economic Objects taking into account Risk of Emergence of Natural and Technogenic Catastrophes", the research supervisor of the Comprehensive scientific and technical program "Safety of Moscow", the head of development of "The concept of safety of Moscow".
N.A. Makhutov was a cochairman of the Supervisory board of Rostekhnadzor, the member of advisory council of the Highest certifying commission of the Russian Federation, the member of scientific and technical councils of RAO UES, JSC Gazprom, the head of a number of projects within scientific cooperation of RAS with national academies and societies of the USA, Norway, Japan. He is the President of the International institute of safety of complex technical systems (IIB of STS), the President of the scientific and industrial union "Risk", the Chairman of scientific council of the Russian society of risk analysis, the member of "Public council at Federal Service for Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision", the member of Expert scientific and technical council of Emercom of Russia, the member of American Society of Mechanical Engineers of "ASME International", the member of the European scientific organization on the constructional durability of "ESIS".
N.A. Makhutov is the editor-in-chief of the scientific and technical magazine "A security concern and emergency situations", the member of editorial boards of the magazines "Zavodskaya Laboratoriya", "Problemy mashinostroyeniya i avtomatizatsii", "Mashinostroyeniye i inzhenernoye obrazovaniye", "analiza riska Problemy", "Bezopasnost truda v promyshlennosti", "Ekologiya i promyshlennost Rossii" (Russia), the international magazines "Pressure Vessels and Piping", "Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures" (Great Britain), "Technology" (USA), "Durability problem" (Ukraine), "Mechanika" (Lithuania), the member of Editorial councils of the multivolume editions "Bezopasnost Rossii", "Issledovaniya napryazheny i prochnosti yadernykh reaktorov".
Since 1992 till present N.A. Makhutov is the Chairman of the International Union of the former juvenile prisoners of fascism (MSBMU) uniting in the ranks about 500 thousand former juvenile prisoners of fascist concentration camps from Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, Estonia, Bulgaria. It is a member of the Supervisory board of "The Russian fund of mutual understanding and reconciliation".
For achievements in the field of ensuring durability, a resource and safety critically and strategically important objects members of school are conferred Laureat's ranks of a number of the state awards and many state awards. The corresponding member of RAS N.A. Makhutov Laureat Premii Soveta Ministrov of the USSR "For development and deployment of scientific bases of calculation of increase in durability of the power equipment by criteria of crack resistance" (The resolution CM of the USSR of 16.04.1983); Laureat of the Award of the Government of the Russian Federation "For development and creation of the new equipment" (The resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of 12.03.2001); Laureat of the State Award of the Russian Federation in science and technology "Creation of scientific bases and large-scale implementation of competitive technologies, a complex of the equipment of nondestructive control and diagnostics for assessment of technical condition of various objects" (The decree of the Russian President of 09.09.2004); Laureat of the Award of the Government of the Russian Federation in science and technology "For safety and reliability of the equipment of power plants on the basis of creation of a complex of modern methods of expeditious diagnostics and recovery technologies" (The order of the Government of the Russian Federation of 25.02.2011, No. 285-r). He has the state awards: The Order of Friendship of the people (1986 – for implementation of the international programs Comecon), the Award of "The October revolution" (1989 – for works on the Energia-Buran project), the Award of "Friendship". (1999 – for public work of the International Union of the former juvenile prisoners of fascism), the Award of Ukraine for merits of the III degree (2008 – for development of cooperation ofUkraineandRussia), the state medals ofRussia,Ukraine,Poland, the International Federation of Resistance.
Scientific activity of the corresponding member of RAS N.A. Makhutov is connected with Institute of engineering science more than the 50th summer history, since an externship, and the 30 anniversary of the management of it of the Department of durability, survivability and safety created in IMASh RAS by order of the director academician K.V. Frolov. Questions of dynamics and durability of cars became one of the main from the moment of the organization of Institute of engineering science in 1938 as a part of Office of technical science ofAcademyofSciencesof theUSSRunder the leadership of the academician-secretary of OTN and the director of IMASh of the academician E.A. Chudakov. Further they were developed under the leadership of the academician A.A. Blagonravov on such important directions as durability and reliability of cars and designs. By the beginning of the XXI century the essential relevance was acquired by problems of survivability and safety of all main objects of a technosphere of civil and defensive appointment. These three groups of the scientific and applied tasks which were solved and solved in IMASh RAS as a part of Office of power, mechanical engineering, mechanics and management processes of RAS were concentrated during the first period in separate laboratories, complexes of laboratories, and since 1978 - in Department of durability, survivability and safety of cars and designs on the basis of 15 laboratories which were its part. In statements and the solution of problems of durability, a resource and safety IMASh the big role was played by academicians S.V. Serensen, Yu.N. Rabotnov, V.V. Bolotin, corresponding members of academy I.A. Oding, N.N. Davidenkov, A.P. Gusenkov, professors N.I. Prigorovsky, F.M. Dimenberg, V.P. Kogayev, R.M. Shneyderovich, G.V. Uzhik, M.G. Lozinsky, A.I. Tananov, G.H. Hurshudov, A.K. Preyss.
The institute of engineering science and Department of durability, survivability and safety of cars and designs throughout all the scientific activity interacted with the leading scientific and design organizations of such industries as aircraft, the missile and space equipment, nuclear and thermal power, transport, oil and gas chemistry, metallurgy, industrial and civil engineering, machine-tool construction, the mining equipment.
Durabilities executed in Department, survivability and safety of cars and designs under the leadership of the corresponding member of RAS N.A. Makhutov basic and applied researches and developments allowed to create and develop scientific bases of constructional durability and technogenic safety. The foundation of constructional durability was laid by S.V. Serensen in 30-70 years of the last century and received the reflection in the corresponding generalizing publications and in numerous publications of specialists of its school of sciences. Problems of technogenic safety began to be developed systematically by N.A. Makhutov, his colleagues and pupils in IMASh RAS and in the country in general two last decades at the turn of the century, since the organization of implementation of the state Safety scientific and technical program. Results of these developments are reflected in multivolume editions of the series "Safety of Russia", "Low-cyclic Durability and Resource", "Researches of Tension and Durability of Water-to-water Power Reactors", "Durability. Mechanics of destruction. Resource. Safety of technical systems" and other monographic publications of N.A. Makhutov [1-40].
