COLUMN EDITOR
RISKS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
In the context of the increasing role of non-financial factors of company value creation, many organizations, when developing a development strategy, go beyond exclusively financial and economic goals and include workplace safety, energy efficiency, customer satisfaction and other non-financial goals in their performance targets. Achieving such goals involves risks, but today there is no common understanding of the composition of the relevant risks, their sources (factors of occurrence), approaches to assessing these risks, as well as universal corporate tools for managing them. In this article, we offer our vision of the place of the so-called “non-financial risks” in the risk management system and show the possibilities of integrating non-financial risk management into the risk management system and the management model of the organization.
The article analyzes the problems and risks of new-fangled renewable energy sources in the 21st century, which can radically change the energy picture of the world and to a certain extent reduce the risk of climate change. However, energy generation from wind is usually available 25—35% of the time, from the sun — 10—25%.
Renewable energy sources (RES) face the problem of accumulating or supporting capacities that should replace the unstable generation of RES at the time of inevitable failures. RES cannot exist without excess reserve capacities on traditional energy carriers that can quickly increase and reduce electricity production. Abandoning hydrocarbons in the next 30—50 years looks unrealistic if countries want to maintain their competitiveness. The growth of the share of RES in the global energy balance is an extremely politicized phenomenon.
The development of renewable generation creates risks for consumers. Especially for large ones. One of these risks is associated with the intermittent, unstable nature of renewable generation, which in recent years has been understood mainly as solar and wind power plants. In addition, to produce more solar panels, wind turbines and batteries for electric vehicles, humanity will need more specific resources — rare earth metals. The production of these metals is unsafe for the environment. It involves the consumption of a huge amount of water and electrical energy.
Renewable energy sources may dominate, but it will take centuries. Demand is already growing, but fossil fuels will live long enough.
HEALTH RISK
Based on the extensive material, approaches to assessing the risk of accumulation of heavy metals in vegetable crops grown in open and protected ground, including hydroponics, are considered. A scheme for performing risk assessment is proposed, including such stages as hazard identification, exposure assessment, the dose-effect estimates, risk characterization, and risk management. For each stage, model approaches to quantifying the risk are presented, and examples of the characteristics of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk in different regions are given when consuming vegetable crops contaminated with HM. It is shown that the risk of accumulation of HM in vegetable crops can be managed with the help of various strains of microorganisms that promote both the immobilization of these metals in the soil and prevent their entry into the marketable part of vegetable products.
SECURITY OF REGIONS
The article presents the author’s approach to assessing the risks of corporate and financial security of the region. The purpose of the article is to develop, substantiate and test the author’s approach to assessing and measuring risks of corporate and financial security at the meso-level. The research used methods such as indicative method, comparison method, analysis, synthesis. The paper analyzes conceptual approaches to the concept of security risk, examines the distinctive characteristics of the definition of “risk” from the concepts of “threat” and “danger”. Further, the author examines the issue of the list of main risks in the field of corporate financial security, as a result of which a risk system is proposed that includes 7 main risks, which are assessed using a methodology based on the synthesis of an indicative approach and a minimax method using a normalizing function and a 100-point scale. For each of the risks, indicators are selected, and their threshold values are justified, which are used for comparison with the actual values of indicators, on the basis of which the level of risk is measured. Approbation of the approach proposed in the article was carried out on the example of the Komi Republic. As a result of the risk diagnostics, significant risks of the corporate and financial security of the region were identified, and some recommendations were proposed for solving the problem of improving the conditions for doing business in the region. The obtained results of the work can be used by public authorities in solving the problems of public administration and monitoring the risks of the corporate and financial security of the region.
ISSN 2658-7882 (Online)