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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">proanaris</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы анализа риска</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Issues of Risk Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-5220</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-7882</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБУ ВНИИ ГОЧС (ФЦ)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">AMBESV</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">proanaris-983</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SAFETY OF CHEMICAL PLANTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Риски безопасности стандартных операционных процедур химических производств</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety Risks of Standard Operating Procedures of Chemical Plants</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черноплеков</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernoplekov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черноплеков Алексей Николаевич: кандидат физико-математических наук, член Общества Ассоциация риск-менеджмента «Русское общество управления рисками» (РусРиск)</p><p>119602, г. Москва, ул. Никулинская, 27-129</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexei N. Chernoplekov</p><p>Nikulinskaya St., 27-129, Moscow, 119602</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Русское общество управления рисками</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Risk Management Society</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Черноплеков А.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черноплеков А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernoplekov A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.risk-journal.com/jour/article/view/983">https://www.risk-journal.com/jour/article/view/983</self-uri><abstract><p>Текущие значения показателей безопасности являются функциями актуальных значений показателей состояния химических производств, что обусловлено фундаментальной физической природой безопасности [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. Сегодня прогнозирование значений показателей безопасности осуществляется инструментами, которые в подавляющем большинстве основаны на упрощающем предположении, что текущие значения показателей состояния химических производств соответствуют штатным ситуациям. Насколько это предположение обосновано, учитывая, что управление производством — это не только штатные ситуации? На практике процесс эксплуатации чаще всего является нештатной ситуацией из-за отклонений. Онлайн мониторинг предвестников типа «выход за нормы технологического режима» / «отказ оборудования» уже ведется (налаживается), однако для «опасных действий и условий» ситуация отличается. Иногда алгоритмы операционных процедур не формализованы, что приводит к неясности в определении штатной ситуации, а онлайн мониторинг отклонений, как правило, отсутствует. Отсюда следует, что в настоящее время ключом к повышению достоверности прогнозов безопасности эксплуатации является понимание алгоритмов операционных процедур. В представленной работе предлагаются подходы и инструменты для оптимизации стандартных операционных процедур с целью повышения эффективности управления рисками безопасности химических производств [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit2">2</xref>].</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The current values of safety indicators are functions of the current values of indicators of the state of chemical production, which is due to the fundamental physical nature of safety [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. Today, forecasting of safety indicators is carried out by tools, which are overwhelmingly based on the simplifying assumption that the current values of the state of chemical production correspond to normal situations. How justified is this assumption, given that production management is not only regular situations? In practice, the operation process is most often an abnormal situation due to deviations. Online monitoring of precursors such as "going beyond the norms of the technological regime"/"equipment failure" is already underway (being established), but the situation is different for" dangerous actions and conditions." Sometimes the algorithms of operational procedures are not formalized, which leads to ambiguity in determining the staffing situation, and online monitoring of deviations, as a rule, is absent. It follows that at present, the key to improving the reliability of operational safety forecasts is to understand operational procedure algorithms. The presented work proposes approaches and tools for optimizing standard operating procedures in order to increase the efficiency of managing the safety risks of chemical plants [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit2">2</xref>].</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>химическое производство</kwd><kwd>производственная цель</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd><kwd>риски</kwd><kwd>автоматизация управления</kwd><kwd>цифровой инструмент</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chemical processes</kwd><kwd>production objective</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd><kwd>risks</kwd><kwd>control and management automation</kwd><kwd>digital tool</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черноплеков А.Н. Безопасность и риски химических производств // Проблемы анализа риска. 2024. Т. 21. № 5. C. 10–35</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernoplekov A.N. 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