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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">proanaris</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы анализа риска</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Issues of Risk Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-5220</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-7882</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБУ ВНИИ ГОЧС (ФЦ)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32686/1812-5220-2023-20-3-28-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">proanaris-708</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РИСК ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL RISK</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ жизненного цикла удобрений: эмиссия углекислого газа как показатель энергоэффективности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Life Cycle Analyses of Fertilizers: Carbon Emissions as a Measure of Energy Effi ciency</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Башкин</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bashkin</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Bashkin Vladimir N.: Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher ResearcherID: J-4621-2018Scopus Author ID: 7005340339 Institutskaya str., 2, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladimirbashkin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5158-4454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseev</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Alekseev Andrey O.: Corresponding Member of the Russian  Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Chief Researcher, Head of the Department, Head Scopus ID: 7202889447ResearcherID: L-1162-2014AuthorID: 58747</p><p> Institutskaya str., 2, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alekseev@issp.serpukhov.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физико-химических и биологических проблем почвоведения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Physico-Chemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физико-химических и биологических проблем&#13;
почвоведения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Physico-Chemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Башкин В.Н., Алексеев О.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Башкин В.Н., Алексеев О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bashkin V.N., Alekseev A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.risk-journal.com/jour/article/view/708">https://www.risk-journal.com/jour/article/view/708</self-uri><abstract><p>С использованием подходов анализа жизненного цикла удобрений показано, что величины эмиссии парниковых газов можно рассматривать как показатель энергоэффективности. Принимая во внимание огромный массив данных, накопленных за последние годы по выбросам парниковых газов (в первую очередь CO2 и метана), можно рассмотреть проблему энергоэффективности (выбросы углекислого газа происходят, прежде всего, при сжигании топлива, а также метана и CO2 как предшественников азотных удобрений) в цепочке от производства удобрений до их логистики, применения, производства и утилизации отходов. Соответствующие примеры приведены в тексте статьи. Показано, что повышение энергоэффективности в рассматриваемом жизненном цикле удобрений от производства до утилизации сельскохозяйственных отходов может значительно снизить роль сельскохозяйственного производства в нежелательных выбросах парниковых газов. Следует подчеркнуть, что потенциальное сокращение выбросов парниковых газов при производстве удобрений зависит от используемого источника энергии, и перевод электростанций с угля на газ будет наиболее значительным. При выращивании продукции очень важную роль играют факторы, связанные с использованием современных систем земледелия, основанных на точном внесении удобрений, использовании электронных почвенных карт, точном земледелии и повышении эффективности использования удобрений, в частности азота и фосфора.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Using the analysis of the life cycle of fertilizers, it is shown that the values of greenhouse gas emissions can be considered as an indicator of energy ef iiency. Taking into account the huge array of data accumulated in recent years on greenhouse gas emissions (primarily CO2 and methane), it is possible to consider the problem of energy ef iiency (carbon dioxide emissions occur during fuel combustion, f rst of all, as well methane and CO 2 as precursors for N fertilizer) in the chain from fertilizer production to their logistics, application, production and waste disposal. Relevant examples are given in the text of the article. It is shown, that an increase in energy ef iiency in the considered life cycle of fertilizers, from production to utilization of agricultural waste, can signif cantly reduce the role of agricultural production in undesirable GHG emissions. It should be emphasized that reducing the potential of GHG emissions in the production of fertilizers depends on the source of energy used and the transfer of power plants from coal to gas, and especially RES, will be the most signif cant. When growing products, factors related to the use of modern farming systems based on accurate fertilization, the use of electronic soil maps, precision farming and increasing the ef iiency of fertilizer use, in particular, nitrogen and phosphorus, play a very important role.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оценка жизненного цикла</kwd><kwd>производство удобрений</kwd><kwd>выбросы углерода</kwd><kwd>выбросы азота</kwd><kwd>энергоэффективность</kwd><kwd>логистика</kwd><kwd>внесение удобрений</kwd><kwd>переработка сельскохозяйственных отходов.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>LCA</kwd><kwd>fertilizer production</kwd><kwd>carbon emission</kwd><kwd>nitrogen emission</kwd><kwd>energy ef iiency</kwd><kwd>logistics</kwd><kwd>fertilizer application</kwd><kwd>agricultural waste recycling</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Integrated Annual report of PJSC PhosAgro for 2021. 2022. 360p. 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