proanarisПроблемы анализа рискаIssues of Risk Analysis1812-52202658-7882ФГБУ ВНИИ ГОЧС (ФЦ)10.32686/1812-5220-2022-19-3-60-73proanaris-607Research ArticleРЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ И СТРАНОВЫЕ РИСКИREGIONAL AND COUNTRY RISKSГлобальная продовольственная безопасность и основополагающая роль удобрений Часть 1. Глобальная продовольственная безопасность и производство удобренийGlobal Food Security and Fundamental Role of Fertilizer Part 1. Global Food Security and Fertilizer ProductionБашкинВ. Н.BashkinV. N.

142290, Московская обл., г. Пущино, ул. Институтская, д. 2

Bashkin Vladimir N.: Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor,Chief Researcher

Institutskaya str., 2, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290

АлексеевА. О.AlekseevA. O.

142290, Московская обл., г. Пущино, ул. Институтская, д. 2

Alekseev Andrey O.: Corresponding Member of the RussianAcademy of Sciences, Doctor of Biological Sciences, ChiefResearcher, Head of the Department

Institutskaya str., 2, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290

Институт физико-химических и биологических проблем почвоведения РАНРоссияInstitute of Physico-Chemicaland Biological Problems of Soil Science of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2022300620221936073Copyright © Башкин В.Н., Алексеев А.О., 20222022Башкин В.Н., Алексеев А.О.Bashkin V.N., Alekseev A.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.risk-journal.com/jour/article/view/607

Показано, что для обеспечения продовольственной безопасности в глобальном масштабе необходимо сосредоточиться на взаимодействии генетики × environment × management (G × E × M), где управление означает, прежде всего, использование достаточного количества минеральных удобрений в прецизионном сельском хозяйстве. Это открывает возможности прокормить 9 миллиардов человек. Описано текущее состояние производства и внесения минеральных удобрений и показано, что при этом необходимо инвестировать в химию метана. Рассматривается также возможная роль ВИЭ в производстве удобрений. В статье представлены данные, показывающие, что увеличение фактической урожайности зависит от минеральных удобрений, при производстве которых необходимо использовать метан — источник углекислого газа и водорода, а также источник энергии.

It is shown that in order to ensure food security on a global scale, it is necessary to focus on the interaction of genetics × environment × management (G × E × M), where management means, first of all, the use of a sufficient amount of mineral fertilizers in precision agriculture. This opens up the potential to feed 9 billion people. The current state of production and application of mineral fertilizers is described, and it is shown that at the same time it is necessary to invest in methane chemistry. The possible role of RES in fertilizer production is also considered. The article presents data showing that the increase in actual yield depends on mineral fertilizers, in the production of which it is necessary to use methane — a source of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, as well as an energy source.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.