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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">proanaris</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Проблемы анализа риска</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Issues of Risk Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-5220</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-7882</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБУ ВНИИ ГОЧС (ФЦ)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32686/1812-5220-2021-18-3-46-63</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">proanaris-496</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РИСК ПРИРОДНО-КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NATURAL AND CLIMATIC RISK</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Риск природопользования  в странах Европейского союза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk of Environmental  Management in Countries  of European Union</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3583-1643</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмин</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmin</surname><given-names>Sergey B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузьмин Сергей Борисович: доктор географических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки </p><p>ResearcherID: G-8760-2013Scopus Author ID: 7005543363</p><p>Адрес: 664033, Иркутск, ул. Улан-Баторская, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ulan-Batorskaya str., 1, Irkutsk, 664033</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuzmin@irigs.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт географии им. В.Б. Сочавы Сибирского отделения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Geography mem. V.B. Sotchava, Siberian Branch of the RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузьмин С.Б., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузьмин С.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuzmin S.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.risk-journal.com/jour/article/view/496">https://www.risk-journal.com/jour/article/view/496</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведена оценка риска природопользования для стран Европейского союза на основе двух главных критериев — природной опасности и защищенности от стихийных бедствий. Природная опасность складывается из природных процессов различного генезиса — литосферных, гидросферных, тмосферных и биосферных, которые, согласно официальным данным, считаются опасными в рамках всего государства, а также из защищенности от стихийных бедствий и катастроф на государственном уровне. Последний критерий рассчитывается на основе ряда социально-экономических и  экологических показателей для стран ЕС: валового внутреннего продукта, доли трудоспособного населения и населения, находящегося за чертой бедности, телекоммуникационного и  транспортного коэффициентов, ожидаемой продолжительности жизни и грамотности населения, детской смертности, напряженности экологических проблем. Зависимости между уровнем экономического развития и  уровнем риска природопользования в  отдельных странах ЕС не установлено. Так, высокоразвитые страны попадают во все категории риска: Италия, Австрия и Германия — высокий риск, Франция, Нидерланды и Бельгия — средний риск, Люксембург, Швеция, Дания — низкий риск. И, наоборот, слаборазвитые страны также присутствуют во всех категориях: Кипр, Болгария, Румыния  — высокий риск, Латвия, Литва — средний риск, Эстония — низкий риск. Поэтому при оценках риска природопользования, последующем его анализе и  управлении ЧС природного и  природно-техногенного характера не следует опираться только на показатели уровня экономического развития в странах, например ВВП, а также на установленные, пусть и на международном уровне, экологические стандарты, такие как ПДК, ПДВ вредных веществ в  почвах, растениях, водных объектах, атмосферном воздухе и т. п. Учет при оценках риска природопользования прямых показателей, ущерба от прошлых событий также страдает рядом недостатков. Необходим дифференцированный подход.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An assessment of the risk of environmental management for the countries of the European Union was carried out on the basis of two main criteria — natural hazard and protection from natural disasters. Natural hazard consists of natural processes of various origins — lithospheric, hydrospheric, atmospheric and biospheric, which are considered dangerous within the entire state according to official data, as well as protection from natural disasters and disasters at the state level. The last criterion is calculated on the basis of a number of socio-economic and environmental indicators for the EU countries: gross domestic product, the share of the working-age population and the population living below the poverty line, telecommunications and transport coefficients, life expectancy and literacy of the population, child mortality, and the intensity of environmental problems. The relationship between the level of economic development and the level of risk of environmental management in individual EU countries has not been established. So, highly developed countries fall into all risk categories: Italy. Austria and Germany — high risk, France, Netherlands and Belgium — medium risk, Luxembourg, Sweden, Denmark — low risk. Conversely, underdeveloped countries are also present in all categories: Cyprus, Bulgaria, Romania — high risk, Latvia. Lithuania — medium risk, Estonia — low risk. Therefore, when assessing the risk of environmental management, its subsequent analysis and management of natural and natural-man-made emergencies, one should not rely only on indicators of the level of economic development in countries, for example, GDP, as well as on environmental standards established, albeit at the international level, such as MPC, MPI of harmful substances in soils, plants, water bodies, atmospheric air, etc. Taking into account direct indicators and damage from past events in assessing the risk of natural resource use also suffers from a number of drawbacks. A differentiated approach is required.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>риск природопользования</kwd><kwd>опасные природные процессы</kwd><kwd>защищенность от  стихийных бедствий</kwd><kwd>Европейский союз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>risk of environmental management</kwd><kwd>hazardous natural processes</kwd><kwd>protection from natural disasters</kwd><kwd>European Union</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арпад Г. Макрорегион Дуная на карте Европейского Союза // Современная Европа, 2011. № 2. С. 54—61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arpad G. Danube macroregion on the map of the European Union  // Contemporary Europe, 2011. No.  2. 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